By definition, Electroless Plating is metal deposition by a controlled chemical reaction. In contrast to an electroplating solution, electroless nickel (EN) solutions require no external source of current to plate. EN baths utilize a hypophosphite-based reducing agent salt that is dissolved in solution. The process provides a continuous build-up of deposit, since the metal being plated is itself a catalyst for the plating reaction. This is why EN is also known as autocatalytic nickel plating. Fowler Industrial Plating most often uses a mid-phosphorous, high gloss plating process which, as deposited, provides a coating that is 91-97% nickel, with the balance as phosphorous. Knoop hardness, as deposited, is around the 550 range, but can reach hardness levels exceeding 900 Knoop, which approaches 90 Rockwell C, following a post-plating heat treatment. All nickel plated parts are immersed into a PTFE-based Teflon solution as soon as they are plated. FIP also offers nickel-cobalt coatings. Ask for details.